ARM: OMAP: Add omap3 USB loader tool

The OMAP3 supports uploading the first stage bootloader via USB.
The ROM leaves the MUSB controller enabled and it can then be used
to upload a 2nd stage image. This patch adds the omap3-usb-loader tool
and the necessary barebox support to upload the 2nd stage image.

The omap usb loader tool is downloaded from https://github.com/grant-h/omap_loader
and changed to also accept CHSETTINGS images.

Signed-off-by: Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de>

2 files changed, 924 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/scripts/Makefile b/scripts/Makefile
index 74c22136db..a3f6222d08 100644
--- a/scripts/Makefile
+++ b/scripts/Makefile
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ HOSTLOADLIBES_mxsimage  = `pkg-config --libs openssl`
 HOSTCFLAGS_mxs-usb-loader.o = `pkg-config --cflags libusb-1.0`
 HOSTLOADLIBES_mxs-usb-loader  = `pkg-config --libs libusb-1.0`
 hostprogs-$(CONFIG_ARCH_MXS_USBLOADER)  += mxs-usb-loader
+HOSTCFLAGS_omap3-usb-loader.o = `pkg-config --cflags libusb-1.0`
+HOSTLOADLIBES_omap3-usb-loader  = `pkg-config --libs libusb-1.0`
+hostprogs-$(CONFIG_OMAP3_USB_LOADER)  += omap3-usb-loader
 
 subdir-y			+= mod
 subdir-$(CONFIG_OMAP4_USBBOOT)	+= omap4_usbboot
diff --git a/scripts/omap3-usb-loader.c b/scripts/omap3-usb-loader.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..edf6043edf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/omap3-usb-loader.c
@@ -0,0 +1,921 @@
+/*
+ * OMAP Loader, a USB uploader application targeted at OMAP3 processors
+ * Copyright (C) 2008 Martin Mueller <martinmm@pfump.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 Grant Hernandez <grant.h.hernandez@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+ * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+/*
+ * Reasons for the name change: this is a complete rewrite of
+ * the unversioned omap3_usbload so to lower ambiguity the name was changed.
+ * The GPLv2 license specifies rewrites as derived work.
+ */
+#define PROG_NAME "OMAP Loader"
+#define VERSION "1.0.0"
+
+#if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && (__BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
+#define OMAP_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+#endif
+
+#ifdef OMAP_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <unistd.h>		/* for usleep and friends */
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <libgen.h>		/* for basename */
+
+#include <libusb-1.0/libusb.h>		/* the main event */
+
+/* Device specific defines (OMAP)
+ * Primary source: http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/sprugn4
+ * Section 26.4.5 "Peripheral Booting"
+ */
+#define OMAP_BASE_ADDRESS 0x40200000
+#define OMAP_PERIPH_BOOT 0xF0030002
+#define OMAP_VENDOR_ID 0x0451
+#define OMAP_PRODUCT_ID 0xD00E
+/* TODO: dynamically discover these endpoints */
+#define OMAP_USB_BULK_IN 0x81
+#define OMAP_USB_BULK_OUT 0x01
+#define OMAP_ASIC_ID_LEN 69
+
+#ifdef OMAP_IS_BIG_ENDIAN
+#define cpu_to_le32(v) (((v & 0xff) << 24) | ((v & 0xff00) << 8) | \
+    ((v & 0xff0000) >> 8) | ((v & 0xff000000) >> 24))
+#define le32_to_cpu(v) cpu_to_le32(v)
+#else
+#define cpu_to_le32(v) (v)
+#define le32_to_cpu(v) (v)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * taken from x-loader/drivers/usb/usb.c
+ * All credit to Martin Mueller
+ */
+#define PACK4(a,b,c,d) (((d)<<24) | ((c)<<16) | ((b)<<8) | (a))
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_FILE PACK4('U','S','B','s')		/* file size request */
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_FILE_REQ PACK4('U','S','B','f')	/* file size resp */
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_JUMP PACK4('U','S','B','j')		/* execute code here */
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_ECHO_SZ PACK4('U','S','B','n')	/* file size confirm to */
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_REPORT_SZ PACK4('U','S','B','o')	/* confirm full file */
+#define USBLOAD_CMD_MESSAGE PACK4('U','S','B','m')	/* debug message */
+
+/* USB transfer characteristics */
+#define USB_MAX_WAIT 5000
+#define USB_TIMEOUT 1000
+#define USB_MAX_TIMEOUTS (USB_MAX_WAIT/USB_TIMEOUT)
+
+/* stores the data and attributes of a file to upload in to memory */
+struct file_upload {
+	size_t size;
+	void *data;
+	uint32_t addr;
+	char *path;
+	char *basename;
+};
+
+/* stores all of the arguments read in by getopt in main() */
+struct arg_state {
+	struct file_upload **files;
+	int numfiles;
+	uint32_t jumptarget;
+	uint16_t vendor, product;
+};
+
+static int g_verbose = 0;
+
+static void log_error(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list va;
+
+	va_start(va, fmt);
+	fprintf(stdout, "[-] ");
+	vfprintf(stdout, fmt, va);
+	va_end(va);
+}
+
+static void log_info(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list va;
+
+	va_start(va, fmt);
+	fprintf(stdout, "[+] ");
+	vfprintf(stdout, fmt, va);
+	va_end(va);
+}
+
+static bool omap_usb_read(libusb_device_handle *handle, unsigned char *data,
+	      int length, int *actuallength)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	int iter = 0;
+	int sizeleft = length;
+
+	if (!actuallength)
+		return false;
+
+	while (sizeleft > 0) {
+		int actualread = 0;
+		int readamt = sizeleft;
+
+		ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(handle, OMAP_USB_BULK_IN, data + iter,
+					 readamt, &actualread, USB_TIMEOUT);
+
+		if (ret == LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
+			sizeleft -= actualread;
+			iter += actualread;
+
+			/* we got some data, lets cut our losses and stop here */
+			if (iter > 0)
+				break;
+
+			log_error("device timed out while transfering in %d bytes (got %d)\n",
+					length, iter);
+
+			return false;
+		} else if (ret == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
+			/* we cant trust actualRead on anything but a timeout or success */
+			sizeleft -= actualread;
+			iter += actualread;
+
+			/* stop at the first sign of data */
+			if (iter > 0)
+				break;
+		} else {
+			log_error("fatal transfer error (BULK_IN) for %d bytes (got %d): %s\n",
+					length, iter, libusb_error_name(ret));
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*actuallength = iter;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool omap_usb_write(libusb_device_handle *handle, void *data, int length)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	int numtimeouts = 0;
+	int iter = 0;
+	int sizeleft = length;
+
+	while (sizeleft > 0) {
+		int actualwrite = 0;
+		int writeamt = sizeleft > 512 ? 512 : sizeleft;
+
+		ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(handle, OMAP_USB_BULK_OUT, data + iter,
+					 writeamt, &actualwrite, USB_TIMEOUT);
+
+		if (ret == LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT) {
+			numtimeouts++;
+			sizeleft -= actualwrite;
+			iter += actualwrite;
+
+			/* build in some reliablity */
+			if (numtimeouts > USB_MAX_TIMEOUTS) {
+				log_error("device timed out while transfering out %d bytes (%d made it)\n",
+						length, iter);
+				return false;
+			}
+		} else if (ret == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
+			/* we cant trust actualWrite on anything but a timeout or success */
+			sizeleft -= actualwrite;
+			iter += actualwrite;
+		} else {
+			log_error("fatal transfer error (BULK_OUT) for %d bytes (%d made it): %s\n",
+					length, iter, libusb_error_name(ret));
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static unsigned char *omap_usb_get_string(libusb_device_handle *handle, uint8_t idx)
+{
+	unsigned char *data = NULL;
+	int len = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!handle)
+		return NULL;
+
+	while (true) {
+		if (!len || ret < 0) {
+			len += 256;
+			data = realloc(data, len);
+
+			if (!data)
+				return NULL;
+		}
+
+		ret = libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(handle, idx, data, len);
+
+		/* we can still recover... */
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			if (ret == LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM)
+				continue;	/* try again with an increased size */
+
+			log_error("failed to lookup string index %hhu: %s\n",
+				  idx, libusb_error_name(ret));
+
+			/* unrecoverable */
+			free(data);
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			/* we got something! */
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+uint16_t omap_products[] = {
+	0xd009,
+	0xd00f,
+};
+
+static libusb_device_handle *omap_usb_open(libusb_context *ctx, uint16_t vendor, uint16_t product)
+{
+	libusb_device **devlist;
+	libusb_device_handle *handle;
+	struct libusb_device_descriptor desc;
+	ssize_t count, i;
+	int ret;
+
+	log_info("scanning for USB device matching %04hx:%04hx...\n",
+		 vendor, product);
+
+	while (1) {
+		if ((count = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &devlist)) < 0) {
+			log_error("failed to gather USB device list: %s\n",
+				  libusb_error_name(count));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			ret = libusb_get_device_descriptor(devlist[i], &desc);
+			if (ret < 0) {
+				log_error("failed to get USB device descriptor: %s\n",
+						libusb_error_name(ret));
+				libusb_free_device_list(devlist, 1);
+				return NULL;
+			}
+
+			if (desc.idVendor != vendor)
+				continue;
+
+			if (product) {
+				if (desc.idProduct != product)
+					continue;
+				goto found;
+			}
+
+			for (i = 0; i < sizeof(omap_products) / sizeof(uint16_t); i++)
+				if (desc.idProduct == omap_products[i]) {
+					product = desc.idProduct;
+					goto found;
+				}
+		}
+
+		libusb_free_device_list(devlist, 1);
+
+		/* nothing found yet. have a 10ms nap */
+		usleep(10000);
+	}
+found:
+	ret = libusb_open(devlist[i], &handle);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		log_error("failed to open USB device %04hx:%04hx: %s\n",
+				vendor, product, libusb_error_name(ret));
+		libusb_free_device_list(devlist, 1);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	ret = libusb_claim_interface(handle, 0);
+	if (ret) {
+		printf("Claim failed\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* grab the manufacturer and product strings for printing */
+	unsigned char *mfgstr = omap_usb_get_string(handle, desc.iManufacturer);
+	unsigned char *prodstr = omap_usb_get_string(handle, desc.iProduct);
+
+	log_info("successfully opened %04hx:%04hx (", vendor, product);
+
+	if (mfgstr) {
+		fprintf(stdout, prodstr ? "%s " : "%s", mfgstr);
+		free(mfgstr);
+	}
+
+	if (prodstr) {
+		fprintf(stdout, "%s", prodstr);
+		free(prodstr);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stdout, ")\n");
+
+	return handle;
+}
+
+static unsigned char *read_file(char *path, size_t *readamt)
+{
+	FILE *fp = fopen(path, "rb");
+
+	if (!fp) {
+		log_error("failed to open file \'%s\': %s\n", path,
+			  strerror(errno));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	unsigned char *data = NULL;
+	size_t allocsize = 0;
+	size_t iter = 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (iter >= iter) {
+			allocsize += 1024;
+			data = realloc(data, allocsize);
+			if (!data)
+				return NULL;
+		}
+
+		size_t readsize = allocsize - iter;
+		size_t ret = fread(data + iter, sizeof (unsigned char), readsize, fp);
+
+		iter += ret;
+
+		if (ret != readsize) {
+			if (feof(fp)) {
+				break;
+			} else if (ferror(fp)) {
+				log_error("error file reading file \'%s\': %s\n",
+						path, strerror(errno));
+				free(data);
+				return NULL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* trim the allocation down to size */
+	data = realloc(data, iter);
+	*readamt = iter;
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+static int transfer_first_stage(libusb_device_handle * handle, struct arg_state *args)
+{
+	unsigned char *buffer = NULL;
+	uint32_t cmd = 0;
+	uint32_t filelen = 0;
+	int bufsize = 0x200;
+	int transLen = 0;
+	int i;
+	void *data;
+	uint32_t *dbuf;
+
+	struct file_upload *file = args->files[0];
+
+	/* TODO determine buffer size based on endpoint */
+	buffer = calloc(bufsize, sizeof (unsigned char));
+	filelen = cpu_to_le32(file->size);
+
+	data = file->data;
+	dbuf = data;
+
+	if (le32toh(dbuf[5]) == 0x45534843) {
+		int chsettingssize = 512 + 2 * sizeof(uint32_t);
+
+		log_info("CHSETTINGS image detected. Skipping header\n");
+
+		data += chsettingssize;
+		filelen -= chsettingssize;
+	}
+
+	/* read the ASIC ID */
+	if (!omap_usb_read(handle, buffer, bufsize, &transLen)) {
+		log_error("failed to read ASIC ID from USB connection. "
+			  "Check your USB device!\n");
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	if (transLen != OMAP_ASIC_ID_LEN) {
+		log_error("got some ASIC ID, but it's not the right length, %d "
+			  "(expected %d)\n", transLen, OMAP_ASIC_ID_LEN);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* optionally, print some ASIC ID info */
+	if (g_verbose) {
+		char *fields[] =
+		    { "Num Subblocks", "Device ID Info", "Reserved",
+			"Ident Data", "Reserved", "CRC (4 bytes)"
+		};
+		int fieldLen[] = { 1, 7, 4, 23, 23, 11 };
+		int field = 0;
+		int nextSep = 0;
+
+		log_info("got ASIC ID - ");
+
+		for (i = 0; i < transLen; i++) {
+			if (i == nextSep) {
+				fprintf(stdout, "%s%s ",
+					(field > 0) ? ", " : "", fields[field]);
+				nextSep += fieldLen[field];
+				field++;
+
+				fprintf(stdout, "[");
+			}
+
+			fprintf(stdout, "%02x", buffer[i]);
+
+			if (i + 1 == nextSep)
+				fprintf(stdout, "]");
+		}
+
+		fprintf(stdout, "\n");
+	}
+
+	/* send the peripheral boot command */
+	cmd = cpu_to_le32(OMAP_PERIPH_BOOT);
+
+	if (!omap_usb_write(handle, (unsigned char *) &cmd, sizeof (cmd))) {
+		log_error("failed to send the peripheral boot command 0x%08x\n",
+			  OMAP_PERIPH_BOOT);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* send the length of the first file (little endian) */
+	if (!omap_usb_write
+	    (handle, (unsigned char *) &filelen, sizeof (filelen))) {
+		log_error("failed to length specifier of %u to OMAP BootROM\n",
+			  filelen);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* send the file! */
+	if (!omap_usb_write(handle, data, filelen)) {
+		log_error("failed to send file \'%s\' (size %u)\n",
+			  file->basename, filelen);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	free(buffer);
+	return 1;
+
+      fail:
+	free(buffer);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int transfer_other_files(libusb_device_handle *handle, struct arg_state *args)
+{
+	uint32_t *buffer = NULL;
+	int bufsize = 128 * sizeof (*buffer);
+	int numfailures = 0;	/* build in some reliablity */
+	int maxfailures = 3;
+	int transLen = 0;
+	int curfile = 1;	/* skip the first file */
+	size_t len;
+
+	buffer = calloc(bufsize, sizeof(unsigned char));
+
+	/* handle the state machine for the X-Loader */
+	while (curfile < args->numfiles) {
+		uint32_t opcode = 0;
+		uint8_t *extra = NULL;
+		struct file_upload *f = args->files[curfile];
+
+		/* read the opcode from xloader ID */
+		if (!omap_usb_read
+		    (handle, (unsigned char *) buffer, bufsize, &transLen)) {
+			numfailures++;
+
+			if (numfailures >= maxfailures) {
+				log_error("failed to read command from X-Loader\n");
+				goto fail;
+			}
+
+			/* sleep a bit */
+			usleep(2000 * 1000);	/* 2s */
+			continue;	/* try the opcode read again */
+		}
+
+		if (transLen < 8) {
+			log_error("failed to recieve enough data for the opcode\n");
+			goto fail;
+		}
+
+		/* extract the opcode and extra data pointer */
+		opcode = le32_to_cpu(buffer[0]);
+		extra = (uint8_t *)buffer;
+
+		switch (opcode) {
+		case USBLOAD_CMD_FILE_REQ:
+			/* X-loader is requesting a file to be sent */
+			/* send the opcode, size, and addr */
+			buffer[0] = cpu_to_le32(USBLOAD_CMD_FILE);
+			buffer[1] = cpu_to_le32(f->size);
+			buffer[2] = cpu_to_le32(f->addr);
+
+			if (!omap_usb_write(handle, (unsigned char *)buffer, sizeof(*buffer) * 3)) {
+				log_error("failed to send load file command to the X-loader\n");
+				goto fail;
+			}
+
+			if (g_verbose) {
+				log_info("uploading \'%s\' (size %zu) to 0x%08x\n",
+						f->basename, f->size, f->addr);
+			}
+
+			break;
+		case USBLOAD_CMD_ECHO_SZ:
+			/* X-loader confirms the size to recieve */
+			if (buffer[1] != f->size) {
+				log_error
+				    ("X-loader failed to recieve the right file size for "
+				     "file \'%s\' (got %u, expected %zu)\n",
+				     f->basename, buffer[1], f->size);
+				goto fail;
+			}
+
+			/* upload the raw file data */
+			if (!omap_usb_write(handle, f->data, f->size)) {
+				log_error
+				    ("failed to send file \'%s\' to the X-loader\n",
+				     f->basename);
+				goto fail;
+			}
+
+			break;
+		case USBLOAD_CMD_REPORT_SZ:
+			/* X-loader confirms the amount of data it recieved */
+			if (buffer[1] != f->size) {
+				log_error
+				    ("X-loader failed to recieve the right amount of data for "
+				     "file \'%s\' (got %u, expected %zu)\n",
+				     f->basename, buffer[1], f->size);
+				goto fail;
+			}
+
+			curfile++;	/* move on to the next file */
+			break;
+		case USBLOAD_CMD_MESSAGE:
+			/* X-loader debug message */
+			len = strlen((char *)extra);
+
+			if (len > (bufsize - sizeof (opcode) - 1))
+				log_error("X-loader debug message not NUL terminated (size %zu)\n",
+				     len);
+			else
+				fprintf(stdout, "X-loader Debug: %s\n", extra);
+			break;
+		default:
+			log_error("unknown X-Loader opcode 0x%08X (%c%c%c%c)\n",
+				  opcode, extra[0], extra[1], extra[2],
+				  extra[3]);
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* we're done uploading files to X-loader send the jump command */
+	buffer[0] = cpu_to_le32(USBLOAD_CMD_JUMP);
+	buffer[1] = cpu_to_le32(args->jumptarget);
+
+	if (!omap_usb_write
+	    (handle, (unsigned char *) buffer, sizeof (*buffer) * 2)) {
+		log_error
+		    ("failed to send the final jump command to the X-loader. "
+		     "Target was 0x%08x\n", args->jumptarget);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	if (g_verbose)
+		log_info("jumping to address 0x%08x\n", args->jumptarget);
+
+	free(buffer);
+	return 1;
+
+      fail:
+	free(buffer);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_args(struct arg_state *args)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* For each file, load it in to memory
+	 * TODO: defer this until transfer time (save memory and pipeline IO)
+	 */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < args->numfiles; i++) {
+		struct file_upload *f = args->files[i];
+
+		f->data = read_file(f->path, &f->size);
+
+		if (!f->data) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (g_verbose > 0) {
+		for (i = 0; i < args->numfiles; i++) {
+			struct file_upload *f = args->files[i];
+
+			printf("File \'%s\' at 0x%08x, size %zu\n",
+			       f->basename, f->addr, f->size);
+		}
+	}
+
+	libusb_context *ctx;
+	libusb_device_handle *dev;
+	int ret;
+
+	if ((ret = libusb_init(&ctx)) < 0) {
+		log_error("failed to initialize libusb context: %s\n",
+			  libusb_error_name(ret));
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	dev = omap_usb_open(ctx, args->vendor, args->product);
+
+	if (!dev) {
+		libusb_exit(ctx);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Communicate with the TI BootROM directly
+	 * - retrieve ASIC ID
+	 * - start peripheral boot
+	 * - upload first file
+	 * - execute first file
+	 */
+	if (!transfer_first_stage(dev, args)) {
+		log_error("failed to transfer the first stage file \'%s\'\n",
+			  args->files[0]->basename);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	/* Note: this is a race between the target's processor getting X-loader
+	 * running and our processor. If we fail to communicate with the X-loader,
+	 * it's possible that it hasn't been fully initialized. I'm not going to put
+	 * some stupid, arbitrary sleep value here. The transfer_other_files function
+	 * should be robust enough to handle some errors.
+	 */
+
+	/* If we are passed one file, assume that the user just wants to
+	 * upload some initial code with no X-loader chaining
+	 */
+	if (args->numfiles > 1) {
+		if (!transfer_other_files(dev, args)) {
+			log_error
+			    ("failed to transfer the additional files in to memory\n");
+			goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+
+	log_info("successfully transfered %d %s\n", args->numfiles,
+		 (args->numfiles > 1) ? "files" : "file");
+
+	/* safely close our USB handle and context */
+	libusb_close(dev);
+	libusb_exit(ctx);
+	return 0;
+
+fail:
+	libusb_close(dev);
+	libusb_exit(ctx);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* getopt configuration */
+static int do_version = 0;
+static const char *const short_opt = "f:a:j:i:p:vh";
+static const struct option long_opt[] = {
+	{"file", 1, NULL, 'f'},
+	{"addr", 1, NULL, 'a'},
+	{"jump", 1, NULL, 'j'},
+	{"vendor", 1, NULL, 'i'},
+	{"product", 1, NULL, 'p'},
+	{"verbose", 0, NULL, 'v'},
+	{"help", 0, NULL, 'h'},
+	{"version", 0, &do_version, 1},
+	{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
+};
+
+static void usage(char *exe)
+{
+	printf(
+"Usage: %s [options] -f first-stage [-f file -a addr]...\n"
+"Options:\n"
+"  -f, --file      Provide the filename of a binary file to be\n"
+"                  uploaded. The first file specified is uploaded to\n"
+"                  the fixed address 0x%08x as defined by the manual.\n"
+"                  Additional files must be followed by an address\n"
+"                  argument (-a).\n"
+"  -a, --addr      The address to load the prior file at.\n"
+"  -j, --jump      Specify the address to jump to after loading all\n"
+"                  of the files in to memory.\n"
+"  -i, --vendor    Override the default vendor ID to poll for\n"
+"                  (default 0x%04x).\n"
+"  -p, --product   Poll for specific product id. Default: All known OMAP chips\n"
+"  -h, --help      Display this message.\n"
+"  -v, --verbose   Enable verbose output.\n"
+"\n"
+"Description:\n"
+"  %s's basic usage is to upload an arbitrary file in to the memory\n"
+"  of a TI OMAP3 compatible processor. This program directly\n"
+"  communicates with the TI BootROM in order to upload a first stage\n"
+"  payload, in most cases, TI's X-Loader. Using a compatible X-Loader\n"
+"  will enable the upload of any file to any part in device memory.\n"
+"\n"
+"Examples:\n"
+"  Uploading a compatible X-Loader, U-Boot, Kernel, and RAMDisk, then jumping\n"
+"  to the U-Boot image for further bootloading:\n"
+"    %s -f x-load.bin -f u-boot.bin -a 0x80200000 -f uImage -a 0x80800000 \\\n"
+"       -f uRamdisk -a 0x81000000 -j 0x80200000\n"
+"  Uploading arbitrary code to be executed (doesn't have to be X-loader):\n"
+"    %s -f exec_me.bin\n"
+"  Trying to debug an upload issue using verbose output:\n"
+"    %s -v -f exec_me.bin -f file1.bin -a 0xdeadbeef -j 0xabad1dea\n"
+"\n"
+"Authors:\n"
+"  Grant Hernandez <grant.h.hernandez@gmail.com> - rewrite of omap3_usbload to\n"
+"    use the newer libusb 1.0\n"
+"  Martin Mueller <martinmm@pfump.org> - initial code (omap3_usbload)\n"
+"    and X-Loader patch\n",
+	exe, OMAP_BASE_ADDRESS, OMAP_VENDOR_ID, PROG_NAME, exe, exe, exe
+	);
+}
+
+static void license(void)
+{
+	printf(
+"Copyright (C) 2008 Martin Mueller <martinmm@pfump.org>\n"
+"Copyright (C) 2014 Grant Hernandez <grant.h.hernandez@gmail.com>\n"
+"License GPLv2: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.\n"
+"This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\n"
+"There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n"
+	);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int opt;
+	bool gotfile = false;
+	bool gotjump = false;
+	int filecount = 0;
+	char *exe = NULL;
+
+	/* temporary local file object */
+	struct file_upload file;
+	/* total arg state */
+	struct arg_state *args = calloc(1, sizeof (*args));
+
+	if (argc < 1) {
+		log_error("invalid arguments (no argv[0])\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	exe = argv[0];
+
+	fprintf(stdout, "%s %s\n", PROG_NAME, VERSION);
+
+	/* set the default vendor and product */
+	args->vendor = OMAP_VENDOR_ID;
+	args->product = 0;
+
+	while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, short_opt, long_opt, NULL)) != -1) {
+		switch (opt) {
+		case 0:
+			if (do_version) {
+				license();
+				return 0;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			if (gotfile) {
+				log_error("missing address argument (-a) for file \'%s\'\n",
+						file.path);
+				usage(exe);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			file.path = strdup(optarg);
+
+			/* necessary to be sure that we own all the memory
+			   and that the path input can be modified */
+			char *tmpPath = strdup(file.path);
+			file.basename = strdup(basename(tmpPath));
+			free(tmpPath);
+
+			filecount++;
+
+			/* the first file gets uploaded to a fixed address
+			   as specified by the technical reference manual */
+			if (filecount == 1) {
+				file.addr = OMAP_BASE_ADDRESS;
+
+				/* commit the file object with the processor specified base address */
+				args->files = realloc(args->files, filecount);
+				args->numfiles = filecount;
+				args->files[filecount - 1] = malloc(sizeof (file));
+				memcpy(args->files[filecount - 1], &file, sizeof (file));
+			} else {
+				/* commit only after an address is specified */
+				gotfile = true;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'a':
+			if (!gotfile) {
+				log_error
+				    ("missing file argument (-f) before address \'%s\'\n",
+				     optarg);
+				usage(exe);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			/* passing 0 to strtoul enables detection of the 0x prefix with
+			   base-10 fallback if missing */
+			file.addr = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
+
+			/* commit the file object */
+			args->files = realloc(args->files, filecount);
+			args->numfiles = filecount;
+			args->files[filecount - 1] = malloc(sizeof(file));
+			memcpy(args->files[filecount - 1], &file, sizeof(file));
+
+			gotfile = false;
+			break;
+		case 'j':
+			args->jumptarget = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
+			gotjump = true;
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			args->vendor = (uint16_t)strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			args->product = (uint16_t)strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
+			break;
+		case 'v':
+			g_verbose++;
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+			usage(exe);
+			return 0;
+		default:
+			usage(exe);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (gotfile) {
+		log_error("got file \'%s\', but no address!\n", file.path);
+		usage(exe);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (args->numfiles <= 0) {
+		log_error("at least one file needs to be specified\n");
+		usage(exe);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (args->numfiles == 1 && gotjump) {
+		log_info
+		    ("WARNING: jump target 0x%08x specified, but will never be taken "
+		     "(more than one file required)\n", args->jumptarget);
+	} else if (args->numfiles > 1 && !gotjump) {
+		log_info
+		    ("WARNING: no jump target specified. Defaulting to the first "
+		     "file's (\'%s\') address 0x%08x\n",
+		     args->files[1]->basename, args->files[1]->addr);
+		args->jumptarget = args->files[1]->addr;
+	}
+
+	return process_args(args);
+}