drivers/pinctrl: grab default handles from device core

This makes the device core auto-grab the pinctrl handle and set
the "default" (PINCTRL_STATE_DEFAULT) state for every device
that is present in the device model right before probe. This will
account for the lion's share of embedded silicon devcies.

A modification of the semantics for pinctrl_get() is also done:
previously if the pinctrl handle for a certain device was already
taken, the pinctrl core would return an error. Now, since the
core may have already default-grabbed the handle and set its
state to "default", if the handle was already taken, this will
be disregarded and the located, previously instanitated handle
will be returned to the caller.

This way all code in drivers explicitly requesting their pinctrl
handlers will still be functional, and drivers that want to
explicitly retrieve and switch their handles can still do that.
But if the desired functionality is just boilerplate of this
type in the probe() function:

struct pinctrl  *p;

p = devm_pinctrl_get_select_default(&dev);
if (IS_ERR(p)) {
   if (PTR_ERR(p) == -EPROBE_DEFER)
        return -EPROBE_DEFER;
        dev_warn(&dev, "no pinctrl handle\n");
}

The discussion began with the addition of such boilerplate
to the omap4 keypad driver:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-input&m=135091157719300&w=2

A previous approach using notifiers was discussed:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=135263661110528&w=2
This failed because it could not handle deferred probes.

This patch alone does not solve the entire dilemma faced:
whether code should be distributed into the drivers or
if it should be centralized to e.g. a PM domain. But it
solves the immediate issue of the addition of boilerplate
to a lot of drivers that just want to grab the default
state. As mentioned, they can later explicitly retrieve
the handle and set different states, and this could as
well be done by e.g. PM domains as it is only related
to a certain struct device * pointer.

ChangeLog v4->v5 (Stephen):
- Simplified the devicecore grab code.
- Deleted a piece of documentation recommending that pins
  be mapped to a device rather than hogged.
ChangeLog v3->v4 (Linus):
- Drop overzealous NULL checks.
- Move kref initialization to pinctrl_create().
- Seeking Tested-by from Stephen Warren so we do not disturb
  the Tegra platform.
- Seeking ACK on this from Greg (and others who like it) so I
  can merge it through the pinctrl subsystem.
ChangeLog v2->v3 (Linus):
- Abstain from using IS_ERR_OR_NULL() in the driver core,
  Russell recently sent a patch to remove it. Handle the
  NULL case explicitly even though it's a bogus case.
- Make sure we handle probe deferral correctly in the device
  core file. devm_kfree() the container on error so we don't
  waste memory for devices without pinctrl handles.
- Introduce reference counting into the pinctrl core using
  <linux/kref.h> so that we don't release pinctrl handles
  that have been obtained for two or more places.
ChangeLog v1->v2 (Linus):
- Only store a pointer in the device struct, and only allocate
  this if it's really used by the device.

Cc: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
Cc: Benoit Cousson <b-cousson@ti.com>
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Mitch Bradley <wmb@firmworks.com>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Jean-Christophe PLAGNIOL-VILLARD <plagnioj@jcrosoft.com>
Cc: Rickard Andersson <rickard.andersson@stericsson.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
[swarren: fixed and simplified error-handling in pinctrl_bind_pins(), to
correctly handle deferred probe. Removed admonition from docs not to use
pinctrl hogs for devices]
Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>

1 files changed, 15 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/pinctrl.txt b/Documentation/pinctrl.txt
index da40efbef6ec5..a2b57e0a1db04 100644
--- a/Documentation/pinctrl.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pinctrl.txt
@@ -972,6 +972,18 @@ pinmux core.
 Pin control requests from drivers
 =================================
 
+When a device driver is about to probe the device core will automatically
+attempt to issue pinctrl_get_select_default() on these devices.
+This way driver writers do not need to add any of the boilerplate code
+of the type found below. However when doing fine-grained state selection
+and not using the "default" state, you may have to do some device driver
+handling of the pinctrl handles and states.
+
+So if you just want to put the pins for a certain device into the default
+state and be done with it, there is nothing you need to do besides
+providing the proper mapping table. The device core will take care of
+the rest.
+
 Generally it is discouraged to let individual drivers get and enable pin
 control. So if possible, handle the pin control in platform code or some other
 place where you have access to all the affected struct device * pointers. In
@@ -1097,9 +1109,9 @@ situations that can be electrically unpleasant, you will certainly want to
 mux in and bias pins in a certain way before the GPIO subsystems starts to
 deal with them.
 
-The above can be hidden: using pinctrl hogs, the pin control driver may be
-setting up the config and muxing for the pins when it is probing,
-nevertheless orthogonal to the GPIO subsystem.
+The above can be hidden: using the device core, the pinctrl core may be
+setting up the config and muxing for the pins right before the device is
+probing, nevertheless orthogonal to the GPIO subsystem.
 
 But there are also situations where it makes sense for the GPIO subsystem
 to communicate directly with with the pinctrl subsystem, using the latter